THE NP CHRONICLE : 1ST OCTOBER

The NP Chronicle 

1st October

James Earl Carter Jr. (October 1, 1924 – December 29, 2024) was an American politician and humanitarian who served as the 39th president of the United States from 1977 to 1981. A member of the Democratic Party, Carter served as the 76th governor of Georgia from 1971 to 1975 and in the Georgia State Senate from 1963 to 1967. He lived longer than any other president in U.S. history, reaching age 100.

Source: Wikipedia

"Like music and art, love of nature is a common language that can transcend political or social boundaries."

-- Jimmy Carter

"War may sometimes be a necessary evil. But no matter how necessary, it is always an evil, never a good. We will not learn to live together in peace by killing each other's children."

-- Jimmy Carter, The Nobel Peace Prize Lecture

"I believe that anyone can be successful in life, regardless of natural talent or the environment within which we live. This is not based on measuring success by human competitiveness for wealth, possessions, influence, and fame, but adhering to God's standards of truth, justice, humility, service, compassion, forgiveness, and love."

-- Jimmy Carter

Annie Besant (/ˈbɛzənt/; née Wood; 1 October 1847 – 20 September 1933) was an English socialist, theosophist, freemason, educationist, and activist involved in women's rights, Home Rule, and Indian nationalism. She gave support to both Irish and Indian self-rule. She had been the first female president of the Indian National Congress in 1917.

Source: Wikipedia

Sachin Dev Burman (1 October 1906 – 31 October 1975) was an Indian music director and singer. He was a member of the Tripura royal family. He started his career with Bengali films in 1937. He later began composing for Hindi movies and became one of the most successful and influential Indian film music composers. Burman composed the soundtracks for over 100 movies, including Bengali films and Hindi.

Burman's compositions were sung by the leading singers of the era, including Kishore Kumar, Lata Mangeshkar, Mohammed Rafi, Geeta Dutt, Manna Dey, Hemant Kumar, Asha Bhosle, Shamshad Begum, Mukesh and Talat Mahmood. As a playback singer, Burman sang 14 Hindi and 13 Bengali film songs.

Source: Wikipedia

Henry III (1 October 1207 – 16 November 1272), also known as Henry of Winchester, was King of England, Lord of Ireland and Duke of Aquitaine from 1216 until his death in 1272.

The son of John, King of England, and Isabella of Angoulême, Henry acceded to the throne when he was only nine in the middle of the First Barons' War. Cardinal Guala Bicchieri declared the war against the rebel barons to be a religious crusade and Henry's forces, led by William Marshal, defeated the rebels at the battles of Lincoln and Sandwich in 1217. Henry promised to abide by the Great Charter of 1225, a later version of Magna Carta (1215), which limited royal power and protected the rights of the major barons. Henry's early reign was dominated first by William Marshal, and after his death in 1219 by the magnate Hubert de Burgh, Earl of Kent. In 1230 the King attempted to reconquer the provinces of France that had once belonged to his father, but the invasion was a debacle. A revolt led by William Marshal's son Richard broke out in 1232, ending in a peace settlement negotiated by the Catholic Church.

Source: Wikipedia

Today is: 

▪︎ International Day of Older persons 

▪︎ World Vegetarian Day

▪︎ International Music Day 

▪︎ International Coffee Day

▪︎ National Day of China

▪︎ Nigeria Independence Day 

▪︎ Cyprus Independence Day

▪︎ Birth anniversary of Jimmy Carter, Annie Besant, S.D. Burman, Henry III

▪︎ Death anniversary of Tom Clancy, E.B. White, Louis Leaky, Eric Hobsbawm

CHINA

China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is divided into 33 province-level divisions, including two special administrative regions. Beijing is the capital, while Shanghai is the most populous city by urban area. Its geography features the Central Plain, major rivers such as the Yangtze and Yellow River, deserts, subtropical and temperate forests, plateaus, and mountain ranges such as the Himalayas. It is the world's second-most populous country after India, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion (17% of the world's population). Covering 9.6 million square kilometers (3,700,000 sq mi), it is the third largest country by area.

 *Economy & Trade* 

• Nominal GDP: 2nd largest globally behind the United States.

• GDP (PPP): 1st largest globally.

• Exports & Forex Reserves: Rank 1st globally.

• Net Creditor: Rank 1st globally (overtaking Japan).

 *Innovation & Technology* 

• Global Innovation Index (WIPO): Ranks 10th globally (2026).

• Deep-Science Startups: Ranks 2nd globally.

• Advanced Science & Tech: Ranks 1st globally in perceived reputation and innovation metrics.

 *Industry, Energy & Agriculture* 

• Staple Agriculture: Rank 1st globally for outputs like rice, wheat, potatoes, and cotton.

• Industrial Production: Rank 1st globally in coal, steel, motor vehicles, cement, and aluminum.

• Energy: Rank 1st in renewable energy production, hydroelectricity, and overall CO2 emissions.

 *Society & Influence* 

• Internet Users: Rank 1st globally with over 1.05 billion users.

• Soft Power Index: Ranks 2nd globally in overall international influence and reputation.

• Active Military Troops: Rank 1st globally in total active-duty personnel.

Source: Wikipedia

NIGERIA

Nigeria, officially the Federal Republic of Nigeria, is a country in West Africa between the Sahel to the north and the Gulf of Guinea in the Atlantic Ocean to the south. It covers an area of 923,769 square kilometres (356,669 mi2). With a population of more than 242 million, it is the most populous country in Africa, and the world's sixth-most populous country. Nigeria borders Niger in the north, Chad in the northeast, Cameroon in the east, and Benin in the west. Nigeria is a federal republic comprising 36 states and the Federal Capital Territory, where its capital, Abuja, is located. The largest city in Nigeria by population is Lagos, one of the largest metropolitan areas in the world and the second largest in Africa.

 *Demographics & Society* 

• Population: Ranked 6th in the world.

• Passport Ranking: Ranked 89th globally on the Passport Index (mobility score of 51) and 91st on the Henley Passport Index.

 *Education & Innovation* 

• World University Rankings: Leads Sub-Saharan Africa with 29 universities ranked in the Times Higher Education (THE) World University Rankings, led by Covenant University, the University of Ibadan, and the University of Lagos (all in the 801–1000 global band).

• Global Innovation Index: Ranked 118th out of 133 countries according to WIPO.

 *Sports & Security* 

• FIFA Men's World Ranking: Ranked 26th globally (as of mid-2026).

• Global Terrorism Index: Ranked 4th globally based on recent impact reports.

Source: Wikipedia

CYPRUS

Cyprus, officially the Republic of Cyprus, is an island country in the eastern Mediterranean Sea, located off the coast of the Levant mainland in West Asia. The island of Cyprus, which is the third largest and third most populous island in the Mediterranean, is divided along the United Nations Buffer Zone between the internationally recognised Republic of Cyprus and the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, which is recognised only by Turkey. The south of the island also hosts the British sovereign military bases of Akrotiri and Dhekelia. The capital and largest city of Cyprus is Nicosia.

Cyprus ranks 37th overall in the U.S. News & World Report Best Countries Index, performing strongly in categories like Opportunity and Governance.

 *Key Global Rankings* 

• Global Innovation Index (2025): Ranks 25th out of 139 economies globally, according to the World Intellectual Property Organization. It scores particularly high in creative outputs (11th).

• Higher Education: Top institutions like the University of Cyprus place in the top 4% globally (around 841st worldwide), while the Cyprus University of Technology places in the top 24% (501–550 bracket) of the Times Higher Education World University Rankings.

• Quality of Life & Health: Ranks 31st globally in Health care metrics with an average life expectancy of over 81 years.

Source: Wikipedia